2.1.2 Moderate Dementia
One experiences difficulties expressing thoughts and carrying out daily duties due to brain impairment in this stage, normally the longest period of the condition. Compared to the earlier stage, memory problems are more severe. In this stage, a person could
experience the following symptoms:
- Forgetting their address
- Struggling to remember their past
- Becoming unable to communicate
- Getting disoriented
- Being unable to follow discussions and comprehend what others are saying
- Experiencing changes in mood and behavior, such as aggression, trouble falling asleep, sadness, and paranoia
- Repeating words or actions
- Hoarding
- Roaming
- Incontinence.
On average, this stage of dementia lasts between two and ten years.
An individual begins to lose some independence during this stage of dementia. It is common to need assistance with daily tasks, including bathing, grooming, and dressing. They may initially require hints or cues to carry out these duties, including reminders to take a shower or to have their clothing made up and ready to go.
After a few years, though, more direct help will be needed. At that point, it becomes crucial to establish a schedule, and caretakers must be patient.
Caregivers must speak slowly and clearly, and use nonverbal cues because patients in the middle stage of dementia have more difficulties speaking. It is equally risky to leave the person unattended, so supervision is essential.